Introduction
If you’re planning IVF or already in the middle of your fertility journey, you may have heard terms like PGD and PGS and thought, “Wait… aren’t they the same thing?” You’re not alone. Many couples feel overwhelmed when genetics enters the IVF conversation.
Think of IVF like planting seeds in a garden. PGD and PGS are tools that help you select the healthiest seeds before planting, giving your garden a better chance to thrive. In this article, we’ll break down PGD vs PGS in IVF in simple language—what they are, how they differ, and who truly needs them—so you can make confident, informed decisions, ideally guided by the best IVF specialist in New Delhi.
- Understanding Genetic Testing in IVF
Genetic testing in IVF helps doctors study embryos before they’re transferred to the uterus. The goal?
Reduce genetic problems
Improve pregnancy chances
Lower miscarriage risk
Both PGD and PGS involve testing embryos, but they look for different things and are used for different reasons.
- What Is PGD in IVF? (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis).
PGD is used when one or both parents are known carriers of a specific genetic disorder.
What Does PGD Test For?
Single-gene disorders.
Inherited conditions.
Common Conditions Screened by PGD.
Thalassemia.
Sickle cell anemia.
Cystic fibrosis.
Muscular dystrophy.
Certain inherited cancers.
In simple terms: PGD checks “Does this embryo have that known disease?”.
- What Is PGS in IVF? (Preimplantation Genetic Screening).
PGS, now often called PGT-A, screens embryos for chromosomal abnormalities, not specific diseases.
What Does PGS Check?
Missing chromosomes.
Extra chromosomes.
Why Chromosomes Matter.
Humans normally have 46 chromosomes. If an embryo has too many or too few, it may:.
Fail to implant.
Cause miscarriage.
Lead to genetic conditions like Down syndrome.
In simple terms: PGS asks, “Does this embryo have the right number of chromosomes?”.
- PGD vs PGS: Key Differences at a Glance.
PGDPGS.
Tests for specific genetic diseasesScreens overall chromosome number.
Used when parents carry a known disorderUsed to improve IVF success.
Targets single-gene conditionsTargets chromosomal balance.
Prevents inherited diseasesReduces miscarriage risk.
Both tests aim for a healthy pregnancy, but they answer different questions.
- Why Genetic Testing Matters in IVF.
Let’s be honest– IVF is emotionally and financially demanding. Genetic testing can:.
Increase implantation chances.
Reduce repeated IVF failures.
Lower miscarriage risk.
Improve confidence in embryo selection.
It’s like checking a flight before boarding– you want to ensure everything is safe before takeoff.
- Who Should Consider PGD?
PGD is usually recommended if:.
You or your partner has a known genetic disorder.
There’s a family history of inherited diseases.
You’ve had previous pregnancies affected by genetic conditions.
You want to prevent passing on a serious illness.
A consultation with the best ivf specialist in new delhi helps determine if PGD is necessary in your case.
- Who Should Consider PGS?
PGS is commonly advised for:.
Women above 35 years.
Couples with recurrent miscarriages.
Repeated IVF failures.
Severe male infertility.
Couples seeking higher implantation rates.
PGS doesn’t guarantee success– but it improves the odds.
- PGD and PGS Step-by-Step Process.
Step 1: IVF and Embryo Development.
Eggs are fertilized and embryos grow for 5– 6 days.
Step 2: Embryo Biopsy.
A few cells are safely removed from each embryo.
Step 3: Genetic Analysis.
Cells are tested in advanced labs.
Step 4: Embryo Selection.
Only genetically healthy embryos are selected for transfer.
- Does Genetic Testing Improve IVF Success Rates?
Short answer: Yes, for the right patients.
Studies show:.
Higher implantation rates.
Lower miscarriage rates.
Better outcomes in older women.
However, results depend on:.
Age.
Embryo quality.
Lab expertise.
Doctor’s experience.
That’s why choosing the best ivf specialist in new delhi truly matters.
- Risks and Limitations of PGD and PGS.
While generally safe, there are a few limitations:.
Small risk to embryos (very rare).
Not all genetic conditions can be detected.
No test guarantees a baby.
Still, for many couples, the benefits outweigh the risks.
- PGD vs PGS Cost in India.
Costs vary based on:.
Number of embryos tested.
Technology used.
IVF clinic expertise.
Approximate Range.
PGS: 1.5– 2.5 lakhs.
PGD: 2– 4 lakhs.
Your fertility expert can guide you on cost-effective options without compromising safety.
- Emotional and Ethical Considerations.
Genetic testing can be emotionally intense. Couples may feel:.
Anxiety during waiting periods.
Ethical concerns about embryo selection.
Open discussions with your doctor and counselor help you navigate these emotions with clarity and confidence.
- Role of the Best IVF Specialist in New Delhi.
A skilled IVF specialist:.
Recommends the right test, not unnecessary ones.
Explains results clearly.
Uses advanced labs and ethical practices.
Provides emotional support throughout the journey.
Your doctor isn’t just treating infertility– they’re guiding your future family.
- How to Choose Between PGD and PGS.
Ask yourself:.
Do we have a known genetic disorder? → PGD.
Are we worried about miscarriage or age-related issues? → PGS.
Always decide after consulting the best ivf specialist in new delhi, who can personalize the approach for you.
- Final Thoughts: Making the Right Choice.
PGD and PGS are powerful tools– but they’re not for everyone. When used correctly, they can reduce heartbreak, save time, and improve IVF success. With the right medical guidance, genetic testing becomes less confusing and more empowering.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs).
- Is PGD the same as PGS?
No. PGD tests specific genetic diseases, while PGS checks chromosome numbers.
- Do all IVF patients need PGD or PGS?
No. These tests are recommended only for specific medical situations.
- Does PGS guarantee pregnancy success?
No, but it significantly improves implantation and reduces miscarriage risk.
- Is embryo biopsy safe for the baby?
Yes. When done by experienced labs, it is considered safe and reliable.
- How do I know which test is right for me?
A detailed consultation with the best ivf specialist in new delhi will help you decide.